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A. S. CORNELL.

Churn.

Patented Nov. 15, 1859.

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NITE STATES AARON S. CORNELL,

OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

ROTARY CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent No.

T o all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AARON S. CORNELL, of the city and State of New York,have invented a new and Improved Churn, which from its construction andmode of operation I call a Double Rotary Crag Churn; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof and of its construction and mode or manner of operation,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

Figure l is an end view showing the gearing. Fig. 2 is a sectional Viewof the end opposite of that shown in Fig. 1, showing the double dashers.Fig. 3 is a side view. Fig. 4 is a sectional view through one of thedashers. Fig. 5 shows the draw under the churn and the gathering sievein it.

The churn, which is supported on the frame or stand f, is of a curved orcylindrical form at its sides, and its bottom is in the form of a doubleconcave, or two cylinders, in which the rotary arms or crags shown inFig. 2, revolve. The cap or cover A, is also made, on its inside, in alike form of a double concave.

The driving wheel I), which is revolved by the crank l, gears with andgives motion to the two pinions c, c, which are attached to the twoshafts K, K, Fig. 2 which carry the arms or crags, z'. As these pinionsf', c, are both driven by the common wheel .7), such pinions and theirshafts will have rotary motion in the same direction so that as the armson one shaft go down, those on the other shaft will pass upward, and thearms or dashers will thus be continually passing each other, giving themost complete and perfect agitation to the milk in the churn. Each shaftK, carries two sets of arms or dashers, e', placed at right angles witheach other, and separated from each other about the width of such arms,and such arms are so placed upon the two shafts, that the arms on oneshaft will pass, as the shafts are revolved, between the arms on theother shaft. The arms or crags i, z', are thus prevented frominterfering with each other, while they effect or produce a constantuniform agitation of the milk.

The arms or crags z', z', are made of galvanized iron or metal andconsist each of two hollow half cylinders. or concaves,

26,093, dated November 15, 1859.

slightly tapering toward the ends, and placed together at their convexsurfaces, so that each arm has four cutting edges or blades to act upon,and most effectually stir and cut up and separate the cream and formingbutter. An end or sectional view of any one of such arms is shown at al,at the side of Fig. 4. Fig. 4, shows one shaft, with one set of its armsstanding perpendicular, the other being horizontal, and the ends only ofwhich are seen.

J represents the discharge orifice, or faucet, by which the buttermilkis drawn from the butter, as required.

H is a draw or cistern underneath the churn, to receive the buttermilkwhen drawn from the churn. ithin this draw is the gathering sieve orstrainer Z, which is designed to catch and retain any particles ofbutter, which may pass off with the buttermilk drawn from the churn. Byshaking or agitating this sieve with the hands all such particles ofbutter will easily be gathered and can be transferred back to the churn,or to the working bowl.

The pinions c, c, screw into female screws in the shafts K, K, with lefthanded screws, so that such screws are kept constantly tight, while thedriving wheel is turned in the direction indicated by the arrowtbut whenit is desired to remove the rotating arms or dashers for cleaning thechurn, &c., it is only necessary to hold the arms with one hand` andturn the driving wheel in the opposite direction, when the pinions c, c,will be unscrewed, and can be removed and the rotating shafts can beeasily lifted and cleaned. Instead, however, of such screw, the shaftcarrying the arms z', z', may slide, with a dovetail, down over thepinion axle, and the dasher shaft can then be removed by simply liftingit up.

'In the top or cover A, are inserted air pipes a, a, to prevent the milkbecoming too much heated while being churned.

Vhat I claim as my invention is- The arrangement of the rotating shaftsarmed with the concave or recessed crags or dashers within the twoconcave or half cylinder chambers placed back to back as hereindescribed.

AARON S. CORNELL. Vitnesses E. F. BARNES, S. D. LAW.

